Drug safety in human patients is the ultimate goal of drug safety scientists. Because limitations of patient populations studied during drug development and uncertainties related to potential drug-drug interactions or rare or idiosyncratic adverse reactions, it is important to pay careful attention to human safety to achieve a better understanding of the safety of drugs on the market used in a wider patient population, for long treatment duration and on various co-medication compared to the population included in the approval package. This course will provide participants with an overview of the current knowledge on the clinical assessment and follow-up of drug safety post-approval and human safety.